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Bhartṛharī's Nītiśatakam. Verse 2.

Bhartṛharī's Nītiśatakam. Part 2.

बोद्धारो मत्सरग्रस्ताः प्रभवः स्मयदूषिताः ।
अबोधोपहताश्चान्ये जीर्णमङ्गे सुभाषितम् ॥

boddhāro matsaragrastāḥ prabhavaḥ smayadūṣitāḥ |
abodhopahatāścānye jīrṇamaṅge subhāṣitam ||

[The knowledgeable are afflicted by envy; the rulers are spoiled by arrogance; and others are stricken by ignorance. Therefore, the beautiful saying is dissolved within the body itself.]

The knowledgeable people (scholars) are afflicted by envy. The rulers (those in power) have become arrogant. Other common people are afflicted by ignorance. In such a situation, who should one tell this to? With this helpless thought, the beautiful saying that had reached the lips of the poet, dissolved within the body itself (just where it was).

Mahāraja Bhartṛharī began the Vāgyajña (literary sacrifice) of narrating beautiful sayings in the form of the Nītiśatakam. But, whom should he tell this to?

There are three types of people in society: the knowledgeable, the rulers, and the common people.

The Knowledgeable (Jnāni): If one were to tell the knowledgeable, they are full of envy. They are afflicted by the ego of their own knowledge and consider others insignificant. They ask, 'What does he know?' and harbor jealousy. If such a person with an envious mind listens, they will not listen to gain understanding but to find faults. What is the use of such listening?

The Rulers (Prabhavaha): If one were to tell those in power, they are immersed in their own pride. There are two reasons to tell the rulers: first, they can grant royal recognition (Rājmānyatā), and second, it provides the main road to popular recognition (Janmānyatā). But they are habituated to 'making others listen.' They are not in a position to listen to anyone's beneficial advice. They consider themselves as powerful and look down upon the advice of those who are wise. How can one tell them then?

The Commoners: The general public is overcome by ignorance. They don't even have time to fulfill their daily needs. What will they listen to? When will they listen? Meaning, they are also of no use.
Therefore, in the end, the beautiful saying dissolved into the body, right where it was.

Image: Infographics created using Notebook LM.

The verse describes the eligible audience for a beautiful saying. One needs to become free from envy, free from arrogance, and one should be desirous of knowledge. Only then will the ‘beautiful saying’ be understood, and only then will it be put into practice.

🔱 ॥ श्री दत्तात्रेयार्पणमस्तु ॥ 🔱

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